Ancillary Probate in Minnesota

The term ancillary probate in Minnesota refers to a probate administration in Minnesota which is either:

supplementary to,

subordinate to,

a primary probate administration in the state of the decedent’s domicile at the time of death.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Domicile

The term domicile identifies the place which a person regards as his or her permanent home, to which he or she intends to return if temporarily residing elsewhere.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Administration

Ancillary probate in Minnesota occurs when:

a Minnesota probate procedure – which may include a local probate administration,
is subordinate to a primary probate proceeding in the state in which the decedent was domiciled at the time of his or her death.

Ancillary probate in Minnesota may be required with respect to:

Minnesota real or personal property which was owned at the time of death by a decedent who resided in another state,

where

the primary probate proceeding for such a decedent was located in the state in which the decedent was domiciled at the time of death.

Minnesota Residents

While this discussion primarily addresses ancillary probate in Minnesota, understanding some of the rules of a primary probate administration in Minnesota may be beneficial in understanding the procedures involved with ancillary probate in Minnesota.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Primary Probate Administration in Minnesota

(i) Real Property

When a Minnesota resident dies owning an interest in Minnesota real property which was:

not titled in joint tenancy,
not subject to a Transfer on Death Deed,

and

not the decedent’s Homestead – which could be decreed by a Minnesota Probate Court:
- to the decedent’s surviving spouse, if any, and
- to the decedent’s surviving intestate descendents, or
- to other Will beneficiaries, if there is no surviving spouse,

pursuant to a Summary Administration probate procedure,

(hereinafter, “Real Property”) – a personal representative must generally be appointed by a Minnesota Probate Court within three years from the date of the decedent’s death in order to be empowered to sell or distribute the Real Property.

(ii) Personal Property

When a Minnesota resident dies owning Minnesota based personal property which was:

not jointly owned,
not subject to a transfer on death provision, and
not subject to a payable-on-death beneficiary clause in favor of another,

(hereinafter, “Personal Property”), a personal representative may be required to be appointed by a Minnesota Probate Court within three years from the date of the decedent’s death in order to be empowered to sell or distribute the Personal Property.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Domiciliary Personal Representative

A person appointed by a Minnesota Probate Court as the personal representative of the estate of a Minnesota resident could properly be identified as a Minnesota domiciliary personal representative if the decedent was domiciled in Minnesota at the time of death.

However, the term Minnesota domiciliary personal representative is not commonly used with reference to the estate of a decedent domiciled in Minnesota – as the term domiciliary personal representative is primarily reserved for use with respect to:

an ancillary probate administration,

not

a primary probate administration.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Decree of Descent Proceeding

If a Minnesota domiciliary personal representative had not been appointed by a Minnesota probate court within three years of the date of a decedent’s death, the decedent’s Real Property could be decreed by a Minnesota probate court – pursuant to Minnesota’s Decree of Descent statutes – to:

the decedent’s surviving spouse and descendents – if a homestead,
the decedent’s Will beneficiaries if a duly executed Will had been accepted for probate in Minnesota, and:
- there was no surviving spouse, or
- the surviving spouse consented in writing to the decree of the Real Property to the Will beneficiaries,

the decedent’s heirs – pursuant to Minnesota’s laws of intestate succession – in the absence of a duly executed Will accepted for probate in Minnesota.

Non-Minnesota Residents

Minnesota Statutes (“M.S.”), Section 524.1-301 identifies that Minnesota law governs the property of nonresidents which is located in the state of Minnesota, by providing in part as follows:

Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, this chapter [524] and chapter 525 apply to
(2) the property of nonresident decedents located in this state . . .

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Options for Non-Minnesota Residents

If a person domiciled outside of Minnesota dies owning Minnesota real property which was:

not titled in joint tenancy,

and

not subject to a Minnesota Transfer on Death Deed,

the decedent’s legal heirs or Will devisees may have three options:

Commence a Minnesota appointment proceeding – which will result in the appointment of a personal representative in a “local administration“;

Obtain a Minnesota court’s recognition of the authority of a domiciliary foreign personal representative – the personal representative of the decedent’s estate who was appointed in the state in which the decedent was domiciled at the time of his or her death – to administer the decedent’s Minnesota real property;

If the decedent has been dead for more than three years, and:

no Will or authenticated copy of a Will probated outside of Minnesota has been probated in the state of Minnesota,
nor any appointment proceedings had in the state of Minnesota,

obtain a Decree of Descent from the Minnesota probate court in the county in which the property is located, decreeing title to the property to:

the decedent’s Will beneficiaries – if a duly executed Will or authenticated copy of a Will probated outside of Minnesota is accepted for probate in Minnesota,

the decedent’s heirs – pursuant to Minnesota’s laws of intestate succession – in the absence of a duly executed Will or authenticated copy of a Will probated outside of Minnesota accepted for probate in Minnesota.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Procedures

There are three procedural tracks which may be pursued in order to empower a personal representative to sell or distribute Minnesota Real Property:

Track 1 – Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative

When there has been no prior appointment of a personal representative in Minnesota or in any other jurisdiction, obtain the appointment of a qualified person as the Minnesota Local Personal Representative by a Minnesota probate court (hereinafter, the “Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative”).

Track 2 – Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative

When a domiciliary personal representative has previously been appointed in the jurisdiction in which the decedent was domiciled at the time of death, obtain the appointment by a Minnesota probate court of either:

the domiciliary foreign personal representative,
the nominee of the domiciliary foreign personal representative, or
some other qualified person,

as a local personal representative (hereinafter, the “Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative”).

Track 3 – Alternate Ancillary Procedure

Obtain authority for the domiciliary foreign personal representative to exercise all of the powers of a local personal representative under the Minnesota statutes, without being appointed as a local personal representative (hereinafter, the “Alternate Ancillary Procedure”).

Track 1; Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative

The procedures required for a Track 1 Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative pursuant to M.S. Section 524.4-207 are very similar to those required for a Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative, with the primary difference relating to the priority of the person seeking to be appointed as the local personal representative.

No Previous Appointment of a Personal Representative.

One prerequisite for the Track 1 appointment procedure is that there has been no previous appointment of a personal representative in the decedent’s domiciliary jurisdiction.

Therefore, there would be no foreign personal representative with priority for appointment as the local personal representative.

Properly speaking, the Track 1 appointment procedure would not be an ancillary probate proceeding, since the Minnesota probate administration would not be supplementary to, or subordinate to, any other probate administration.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Formal or Informal

The appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative by a Minnesota probate court may be accomplished either:

formally, after a hearing before a judge or probate referee,

informally, without the necessity of a hearing before a judge or probate referee,

depending on certain factors – which may vary from county to county.

If a formal hearing is required before a judge or probate referee, county practice may vary with respect to any requirement that the petitioner for appointment as a Minnesota Local Personal Representative actually appear at the hearing.

In some counties, as long as no objection to the petition for appointment is filed, no appearance by the petitioner at the hearing will be required.

Track 2; Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative

Previous Appointment of a Foreign Personal Representative

The Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure requires the previous appointment of a personal representative in the foreign domiciliary jurisdiction.

However, such a foreign personal representative may or may not personally seek appointment as the local personal representative.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Formal or Informal Appointment

The appointment of a domiciliary foreign personal representative – or his or her nominee – by a Minnesota probate court may be accomplished either:

formally, after a hearing before a judge or probate referee,

in some counties, informally, without the necessity of a hearing before a judge or probate referee.

(i) Probate Court Hearing – Formal Appointment

The Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure may require a hearing before a judge or probate referee in the Minnesota county in which the Real Property is located.

The necessity of a Formal Appointment procedure may depend upon:

the county in which the Real Property is located,
the contents of:
the decedent’s Will,

and

the Order appointing the domiciliary foreign personal representative in the state of the decedent’s domicile,

and also

the degree to which confirmation of marketable real estate title in Minnesota is desired by the petitioner, or required by a third party.

(ii) Appearance by the Petitioner at the Hearing

If a formal hearing is required before a judge or probate referee, county practice may vary with respect to any requirement that the petitioner for Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative actually appear at the hearing.

In some counties, as long as no objection to the petition for appointment is filed, no appearance by the petitioner at the hearing will be required.

Any Formal appointment procedure involving a hearing in a Minnesota Probate Court may be:

somewhat more costly,

and

possibly more inconvenient for the person to be appointed,

than either the Informal appointment procedure, or the Alternate Ancillary Procedure – neither of which requires a hearing.

Nevertheless, given its documentation requirements, the Alternate Ancillary Procedure may not be any easier than obtaining the appointment of a local personal representative from a Minnesota probate court – even if a hearing is required.

(iii) Informal Appointment

The Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure may be accomplished in some Minnesota counties without the necessity of a hearing before a judge or probate referee pursuant to an informal appointment procedure – which varies from county to county.

Some counties will allow the informal appointment procedure to be accomplished pursuant to the filing of documents by United States mail.

However, other counties may require the attorney, the proposed local personal representative, or both, to appear at the probate court office before a non-judicial officer – the “Probate Registrar”.

Still other counties will not allow the Informal Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative if the decedent owned Real Property in that county at death which is subject to probate administration.

In those counties that will allow use of the Informal Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure when the decedent owned Real Property in that county at death which was subject to probate administration:

if the proposed local personal representative is not also the domiciliary foreign personal representative,
the Probate Registrar is required to delay the appointment of the local personal representative for 30 days,
unless the decedent’s Will specifically identifies that the probate administration of the estate will be subject to Minnesota law.

In addition, if the application for Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative indicates that:

the decedent was not domiciled in Minnesota,

and

a personal representative whose appointment has not been terminated has been appointed by a court in the state of the decedent’s domicile,

the Application must be denied – unless the applicant is:

the domiciliary foreign personal representative,

the domiciliary foreign personal representative’s nominee.

If the domiciliary foreign personal representative does not reside in Minnesota:

the Track 2 Informal procedure to obtain the Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative by the Probate Registrar,

may be preferable to

the Track 2 Formal procedure to obtain the Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative by the court, which requires a hearing before a judge or probate referee.

However, in some counties, the Track 2 Formal procedure to obtain the Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative by the court:

is actually easier than the Informal procedure requiring an appearance before the Probate Registrar,

and

may be the only procedure available.

(iv) No Three Year Limitation

In contrast to the requirement that a local personal representative be appointed for a Minnesota resident within three years of the date of the decedent’s death, there is no similar requirement with respect to the Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative as a local personal representative in Minnesota, since M.S. Section 524.3-108 provides in part as follows:

No informal . . . appointment proceeding or formal . . . appointment proceeding, other than appointment proceedings relating to an estate in which there has been a prior appointment, may be commenced more than three years after the decedent’s death, . . .

The reason for the exception to the three year rule is that there has already been an appointment of a personal representative in the state of the decedent’s domicile at death within three years of the date of the decedent’s death.

(v) Removal of the Local Personal Representative

If it happens that someone other than the domiciliary foreign personal representative had already been appointed in Minnesota as a local personal representative, such local personal representative may be:

removed by the domiciliary foreign personal representative,

and

replaced by either:
- the domiciliary foreign personal representative,or
- a nominee of the domiciliary foreign personal representative.

Track 3; Alternate Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Procedure

The Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure also requires the previous appointment of a personal representative in the domiciliary jurisdiction.

However, rather than requesting the actual appointment of a local personal representative in Minnesota, the domiciliary foreign personal representative following the Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure will attempt:

to exercise the powers of a local personal representative granted by the Minnesota Statutes,
without being appointed as a local personal representative.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Alternate Procedure

A domiciliary foreign personal representative may commence the Alternate Ancillary Procedure in order to begin the process to acquire the power to sell Minnesota Personal Property or Real Property if:

no Minnesota Local Personal Representative has been appointed pursuant to the Track 1 procedure,
no Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative has been appointed in Minnesota pursuant to the Track 2 procedure,

and

no petition or application for such appointment has been filed,

However, the domiciliary foreign personal representative will not acquire the power of a local personal representative if:

a Minnesota resident creditor files a written objection with the probate court,
with respect to the commencement of the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Document Filings

Pursuant to M.S., Section 524.4-204, a foreign personal representative can file with the appropriate Minnesota probate court:

a certified or authenticated copy of his or her court appointment documents,
any official bond filed in the state of the decedent’s domicile,

and

a Notice of Intention to exercise all of the powers of a local personal representative in Minnesota.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Powers of a Local Representative

Unless restricted by a resident creditor, the foreign personal representative will have all of the powers of a local personal representative in an unsupervised Minnesota probate administration 60 days after the date of filing.

Alternate Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Procedure Requirements

M.S., Section 524.4-204 identifies the requirements for proceeding with the Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure, by providing in part as follows:

If no local administration or application or petition therefor is pending in this state, a domiciliary foreign personal representative (domicile of the decedent)

may file the following with a court in this state
in a county in which property belonging to the decedent is located:

(1) A certified or authenticated copy of the appointment and of any official bond given,

and

(2) Notice of an intention to exercise as to assets in this state all powers of a local personal representative and to maintain actions and proceedings in this state in accordance with section 524.4-205.

When a domiciliary foreign personal representative files a certified or authenticated copy of the appointment and of any official bond and a notice

in accordance with the preceding sentence, the court administrator shall forthwith publish, at the expense of the estate, a notice once a week for two consecutive weeks in a legal newspaper in the county,

giving the name and address of the domiciliary foreign personal representative

and

stating an intention to exercise as to assets in this state all powers of a local personal representative and to maintain actions and proceedings in this state in accordance with section 524.4-205.

Powers Acquired Under the Alternate Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Procedure

M.S., Section 524.4-205 identifies the powers to be acquired by the foreign personal representative under the Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure, by providing in part as follows:

At any time after the expiration of 60 days from a domiciliary foreign personal representative’s filing in accordance with section 524.4-204 such domiciliary foreign personal representative
may exercise as to assets in this state all powers of a local personal representative
and
may maintain actions and proceedings in this state
subject to any conditions imposed upon nonresident parties generally.

Limitations on the Powers Acquired Under the Alternate Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Procedure

M.S., Section 524.4-205 identifies a limitation on the powers exercisable by the foreign personal representative under the Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure, by providing in part as follows:

The power of a domiciliary foreign personal representative under this section shall not be exercised if a resident creditor of the nonresident decedent has filed a written objection thereto within 60 days from the domiciliary foreign personal representative’s filing in accordance with section 524.4-204.

Minnesota Real Property Title Issues

Prior to 2003, the Alternate Ancillary Procedure could not be relied upon to provide marketable real estate title to a purchaser of Minnesota Real Property.

However, since 2003, the Minnesota State Bar Association’s Real Property Section has viewed the Alternate Ancillary Procedure more favorably.

Nevertheless, given:

the apparent infrequent use of the Alternate Ancillary Procedure – particularly in some Minnesota counties,
the complexity required in order to achieve compliance with the Alternate Ancillary Procedure requirements, and
the certified copy fees and document recording fees which must be paid pursuant to its requirements,

it may be easier, or perhaps advisable, to either:

have a Minnesota Local Personal Representative of the decedent’s estate appointed by a Minnesota probate court pursuant to the Track 1 procedure,

obtain Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative by a Minnesota probate court in an ancillary administration pursuant to the Track 2 procedure,

than to pursue the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

Therefore:

while the Alternate Ancillary Procedure may be an option which can provide marketable real estate title,
its use would require the satisfaction of a number of documentation and recording requirements which may lessen its desirability.

This means that even though no court or other appearance would be required by the domiciliary foreign personal representative when pursuing the Alternate Ancillary Procedure, a considerable amount of time and money may have to be expended obtaining and recording the required documents.

Even then, depending on the form of title evidence offered by a particular piece of Minnesota Real Property, the status of title to such property may depend upon the subjective opinion of some future attorney or Title Company employee examining title, since such attorney or title examiner may not be comfortable with the requirements for establishing marketable title under the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

(i) Minnesota Abstract Real Property

If a parcel of Real Property offers the Abstract form of title evidence, there will be no government official initially involved in a determination of the marketability of title achieved pursuant to the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

In other words, if the Real Property offers the Abstract form of title evidence, no one can be certain that upon any attempted conveyance of the Real Property, a future title examiner will be satisfied with the marketable title evidence provided by the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

(ii) Minnesota Registered Real Property

In contrast, if the parcel of Real Property had been Registered in Minnesota as “Torrens” property, an official decision will be made regarding the marketability of title under the Alternate Ancillary Procedure at the time of any attempted recording of a deed executed by a domiciliary foreign personal representative pursuant to authority claimed by reason of the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

Such an official decision regarding the marketability of title with respect to Torrens property would be made – depending on the county involved – by either:

the County Registrar of Titles – by accepting the deed for filing, and issuing a new Certificate of Title in the name of the purchaser,

or by

the County Examiner of Titles – pursuant to the issuance of an Examiner’s Directive directing the Registrar of Titles to accept the deed for filing.

Due to the volume of Torrens Property transactions occurring in Hennepin County, Ramsey County, and a few other counties in Minnesota:

the Hennepin County Torrens property officials in Minneapolis,
the Ramsey County Torrens property officials in St. Paul, and
the county officials in a few other Minnesota counties which contain a large number of parcels registered as “Torrens” property,

may be more comfortable dealing with title evidence issues involving the Alternate Ancillary Procedure than would other attorneys or title examiners not as accustomed to evaluating the effectiveness of the Alternate Ancillary Procedure.

Priority for Appointment of a Minnesota Personal Representative

Track 1 – Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative

When a personal representative has not previously been appointed in the state of the decedent’s domicile at the time of death, M.S., Section 524.3-203(a) identifies that the priority for appointment of a personal representative will be determined in the following manner:

Whether the proceedings are formal or informal, persons who are not disqualified
(by being a person under the age of 18, or a person whom the court finds unsuitable in formal proceedings;)
have priority for appointment in the following order:
(1)      the person with priority as determined by a probated will including a person nominated by a power conferred in a will;
(2)      the surviving spouse of the decedent who is a devisee of the decedent;
(3)      other devisees of the decedent;
(4)      the surviving spouse of the decedent;
(5)      other heirs of the decedent;
or a person nominated by someone having priority for appointment.

The above priority scheme would be followed by the court when a person is seeking a Track 1 Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative, with the following two exceptions – identified in M.S., Section 524.3-203:

(i) Insolvent Estate

Pursuant to M.S. Section 524.3-203(b)(1):

if the estate appears to be more than adequate to meet exemptions and costs of administration but inadequate to discharge anticipated unsecured claims, the court, on petition of creditors, may appoint any qualified person.

(ii) Will Nominates a Minnesota Local Personal Representative

Pursuant to M.S. Section 524.3-203(g), if:

. . . the decedent’s will nominates different persons to be personal representative in this state and in the state of domicile
the personal representative nominated to serve in the State of Minnesota shall have priority.

Track 2 – Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative

(i) Priority of the Domiciliary Personal Representative

When a personal representative has already been appointed in the jurisdiction in which the decedent resided at the time of death, M.S., Section 524.3-203(g) identifies that the domiciliary foreign personal representative has the first priority for appointment as a local representative, by providing as follows:

A personal representative appointed by a court of the decedent’s domicile has priority over all other persons except
as provided in (b)(1) [relating to insolvent estates – Petition of Creditors]
or
where the decedent’s will nominates different persons to be personal representative in this state and in the state of domicile.

(ii) Nominee of the Domiciliary Personal Representative

M.S., Section 524.3-203(g) also identifies that the domiciliary foreign personal representative may nominate another person to serve as a local representative, by providing as follows:

The domiciliary personal representative may nominate another, who shall have the same priority as the domiciliary personal representative.

Minnesota Decree of Descent Proceeding

Minnesota Probate Court Decree

If a person has been dead for more than three years and no:

will

authenticated copy of a will probated outside Minnesota in accordance with the laws in force in the place where probated

has been probated in Minnesota, and no personal representative had been appointed by a Minnesota probate court, title to the decedent’s Real Property could be decreed by a Minnesota probate court to:

the decedent’s Will beneficiaries – if a duly executed Will had been accepted for probate in Minnesota,

or to

the decedent’s heirs – pursuant to Minnesota’s laws of intestate succession – in the absence of a duly executed Will accepted for probate in Minnesota.

Appointment of a Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative

Alternatively, if a Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative had been appointed in any other jurisdiction, the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative could seek appointment under the Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure – even if the decedent has been dead for more than three years.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Fees

Both the Track 1 Appointment of a Minnesota Local Personal Representative procedure, and the Track 2 Appointment of the Domiciliary Foreign Personal Representative procedure:

would require payment of the same probate court filing fee, and
would have publication of notice requirements – although the form of notice would vary slightly between the procedures, and the expense for each type of publication would vary from county to county.

The Track 3 Alternate Ancillary Procedure would also require the payment of the same probate court filing fee, but with different notice publication requirements since the required notices would be different.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Financial Assets

Affidavit for Collection of Intangible Property

If the Minnesota probate assets are limited to financial assets – and no real property – a special affidavit may be used to collect such assets – see https://www.dahlelawminnesota.com/ancillary-probate-minnesota-intangible-personal-property/.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota – Non-Minnesota Decedents

Either a Minnesota ancillary probate administration, or a Minnesota Decree of Descent proceeding, may be required in the event that a non-Minnesota resident dies owning an interest in Minnesota real or personal property which was:

not titled in joint tenancy, and

not subject to a Transfer on Death Deed or other transfer on death beneficiary designation.

Ancillary Probate in Minnesota Attorney

If you have need of either an ancillary probate administration or a Minnesota Decree of Descent proceeding in Minnesota, contact Minnesota and North Dakota probate attorney Gary C. Dahle.

763-780-8390 or [email protected]

If you have need of an ancillary probate administration proceeding in North Dakota, see North Dakota Ancillary Probate for information with respect to ancillary probate administration in North Dakota, and contact Minnesota and North Dakota probate attorney Gary C. Dahle.

Attorneys licensed in states other than Minnesota and North Dakota are invited to refer the Minnesota and North Dakota portions of the probate estate they are associated with to attorney Gary C. Dahle.

Gary C. Dahle – Attorney at Law

2704 Mounds View Blvd., Mounds View, MN 55112

Phone: 763-780-8390 Fax: 763-780-1735 [email protected]

Topics of Interest:

Minnesota Joint Tenancy

Legal Disclaimer

Information provided herein is only for general informational and educational purposes. Minnesota probate law involves many complex legal issues. If you have a specific legal problem about which you are seeking advice, consult with a Minnesota attorney of your choice.

Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, is licensed to practice law only in the State of Minnesota, and the State of North Dakota, in the United States of America. Therefore, only those persons interested in matters governed by the laws of the State of Minnesota should consult with, or provide information to, Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, or take note of information provided herein.

Accessing the web sites of Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law Dahlelaw.com – https://www.dahlelawminnesota.com, or DahlelawNorthDakota.com may be held to be a request for information. However, the mere act of either providing information to Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, or taking note of information provided on such web sites does not constitute legal advice, or establish an attorney/client relationship.

Nothing herein will be deemed to be the practice of law or the provision of legal advice. Clients are accepted by Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, only after preliminary personal communications with him, and subject to mutual agreement on terms of representation.

If you are not a current client of Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, please do not use the e-mail links or forms to communicate confidential information which you wish to be protected by the attorney-client privilege. Please use caution in communicating over the Internet. The Internet is not a secure environment and confidential information sent by e-mail may be at risk.

Gary C. Dahle, Attorney at Law, provides the http://www.dahlelaw.com; https://www.dahlelawminnesota.com, or http://www.dahlelawnorthdakota.com web sites and its contents on an “as is” basis, and makes no representations or warranties concerning site content or function, including but not limited to any warranty of accuracy, completeness, or the information provided being current.

Links to Minnesota Probate Records

Minnesota Department of Health – Death Records Index – 1997 to Present: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/chs/osr/DecdIndex/dthSearch.cfm

Minnesota Historical Society – Death Records; 1904 – 2001: http://www.mnhs.org/people/deathrecords

Minnesota Department of Health – Birth Certificates – http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/chs/osr/birth.html

Minnesota Historical Society – Birth Records: http://www.mnhs.org/people/birthrecords

Minnesota Marriage Records – https://moms.mn.gov/